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''Niebla disrupta '' is a fruticosa lichen that grows on rocks along the foggy Pacific Coast of California, from Marin County to San Luis Obispo County, in the Channel Islands, and on Guadalupe Island in Baja California. The epithet, ''disupta'' was given by William Nylander possibly in reference to the terminal vine-like branchlets exhibiting a disruption or slight change in the direction of growth where apothecia develop, or possibly to the branchlets that appear to break off.〔Spjut, R. W. 1996. ''Niebla'' and ''Vermilacinia'' (Ramalinaceae) from California and Baja California. Sida Bot. Misc. 14〕 ==Distinguishing Features== ''Niebla disrupta'' is generally recognized by the thallus divided into many narrow subterete branches, to 7 cm high, arising from a well-defined holdfast, blackened around the base to a short distance above, often with long terminal vine-like branchlets; the branchlets often with undeveloped apothecia, the more mature apothecia commonly seen below—in the mid to lower part of the thallus.〔 The thallus branches are similar to those of the related ''Niebla homalea'' in their linear shape and in the margins twisting 90° at frequent intervals, and by transverse cracks occurring at frequent but irregular intervals, and in the texture of the cortex, which is slightly thinner in ''N. disrupta'', 75–110 µm thick, compared to 75–150 µm thick in ''N. homalea''. Black dot-like pycnidia are common along branch margins—at least to the mid region, and often to near base, and mostly absent between margins.〔 ''Niebla disrupta'' is further distinguished by the lichen substance sekikaic acid, with accessory triterpenes, in contrast to divaricatic acid in ''N. homalea''.〔 These depsides are related compounds〔Kalb, K. and J. A. Elix. 1995. The lichen genus Physcidio. In: Studies in lichenology with emphasis on chemotaxonomy, geography and phytochemistry Festschrift Ch. Leuckert Eds: Knoph, J.-G., Schriifer, K. & Sipman, H. J. M. - Bibliotheca Lichenologica 57:265 -296. J. Cramer in der Gebriider Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin-Stuttgd〕 but nevertheless warrant species distinction as seen in other lichen genera. For example, ''Dirinaria sekikaica'' differs from ''D. picta'' by containing sekikaic acid instead of divaricatic acid; both species contain triterpenoids as accessory substances;〔Schumm, F. and J. A. Elix. 2014 (1982–1994). Images from Lichenes Australasici Exsiccati and of other characteristic Australasian Lichens. Volume One Issued by J. A. Elix. Books on Demand. Vol. 1〕 ''Fuscidea maccarthyl'' contains sekikaic acid (UV-) in contrast to divaricatic acid (UV+) in several related species.〔 Kantvilas, G. 2004. Fuscideaceae. Flora of Australia. 4 (Lichens): p. 175〕 ''Niebla disrupta'' appears to intergrade with ''N. dissecta'' in the Channel Islands by development of tubular prismatic branches, and with ''N. cornea'' in southern California (San Luis Obispo County) by the flattened strap-like branches. They appear to be hybrids but referred to ''N. disrupta'' by the thallus being taller than wide with numerous branches arising from the base. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Niebla disrupta」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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